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Sociology is the study of human social behavior and society. Knowing more about society can help you make sound decisions, increase your understanding of the world around you, and create a positive impact on your life. In this article, we'll cover some basic concepts related to sociology before going into the different types of sociological research methods. We'll also provide a list of resources for further reading at the end of this article! In order to understand sociology as a whole, it's important to define some key terms that will be used throughout this article: culture, ethnicity/race/gender/class relationship,... We use the terms "culture" and "society" interchangeably in most instances. However, a distinction is sometimes made between them: society refers to a more general level of social organization, while culture refers to a specific cultural group within the society. For example, we may say that American society consists of people from different cultures (e.g., African-Americans, Europeans-Americans, Latino-Americans,...). Understanding culture is key to understanding groups of people and institutions such as businesses and schools. It's also an important factor when working with other people on collaborative projects or international business dealings; we will explore some examples of this later on in this article. It is important to remember that, although the United States has a strong tendency to emphasize certain values and practices, what is "the norm" in the U.S. is not necessarily the norm in other countries. For example, in some cultures people wear much less clothing than they do in the U.S., and others may not use bathrooms for waste elimination at all (e.g., using designated areas outside of their homes instead). By now you should understand that culture (or society) refers to a group's shared beliefs, values,... A subculture is one of many different groups within a larger culture; within American culture there are countless subcultures. The term "subculture" was originally used to describe the population of people who lived in certain neighborhoods, but today it is used for any group that is different from the mainstream culture. Subcultures are often divided according to certain factors, such as class or ethnicity. Examples of subcultures include hipsters (a subculture of people who identify themselves as part of an alternative scene), goths (a subculture relating to the Goth movement), hippies (a subculture associated with the 1960s counterculture movements), hippie chicks (most popular in high school), punk rockers (a subculture of music fans who identify themselves as followers of punk rock music, which is typically aggressive and anti-establishment). A study from the UCLA Luskin School of Public Affairs found that a person's level of education is a strong predictor of a person's level of belonging to a subculture. A person with a lower-level education is more likely to identify with groups considered "lower" in the social hierarchy, such as hippies and punks. A person with a higher-level education is more likely to identify with "higher" groups, such as hipsters and goths. However, there are exceptions to this rule. For example, many people who identify themselves as hipsters have at least some college experience, and many college hipsters identify themselves as punks. cfa1e77820
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